International relations examines how the interests of different countries, groups and people interact with each other in a world of interconnectedness. It combines elements of political science, history and economics to explore topics like foreign policy, global governance, and regional conflict.
A broad set of issues that can trigger a localized or global war, such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine, terrorist activities in the Middle East and the South China Sea disputes. These are the kinds of international challenges that would likely require United States involvement.
Countries that are rich, with incomes per person above the world average and have started the process of industrialisation before 1960 (a few started it before 1860). Also known as developed or wealthy countries. Contrast with developing and poor countries.
A political theory based on the idea that ideas, norms and identity play an important role in shaping world affairs. It also asserts that the ways people perceive and construct reality influences their behavior and interactions with each other.
The practice of communicating and negotiating among representatives of different countries. It can involve a range of tools, including sanctions, force and adjusting trade regulations. Diplomacy is often seen as a first resort when other tools have failed. It is not a substitute for other tools, but rather a part of them. For example, sanctions are used after diplomacy fails to achieve its goal. Also see game theory. The four Geneva conventions and three protocols that lay down the basic legal standards for treatment of prisoners and civilians in times of armed conflict.